Bosphorus Med J. 2022; 9(1): 40-45 | DOI: 10.14744/bmj.2022.96158

Plasma Vitamin D levels in Patients with Vitiligo

Nebahat Demet Akpolat¹, Ahmet Metin^2
1Clinic of Demet Akpolat, Ýstanbul, Turkey
²Department of Dermatology, Yýldýrým Beyazýt University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

INTRODUCTION: Vitiligo is an acquired skin disease characterized by depigmentation and characterized by loss of epidermal melanocytes in the skin. The low levels of Vitamin D have been observed in vitiligo patients and with other autoimmune diseases. This study aimed to investigate whether 25(OH) Vitamin D levels are associated with clinical types and features of vitiligo.
METHODS: A total of 60 patients with vitiligo and 60 healthy volunteers were included in our study. The patients were divided into four groups; patients newly diagnosed with vitiligo in the winter season (W-VP), participants who visited the clinic in the winter season and were found to be healthy (W-HP), patients newly diagnosed with vitiligo in the summer season (S-VP), and participants who visited the clinic in the summer season and were found to be healthy (S-HP). Participants’ age, sex, incidence of other autoimmune diseases among participants and their families, clinical type of vitiligo (localized (focal, segmental, or mucosal), common (acrofacial, vulgaris, or mixed), or universal), and 25(OH) Vitamin D levels were evaluated.
RESULTS: Twenty-five (41.7%) of the patients and 33 (55%) of the control group were women. The mean age of vitiligo group was 42.2±13.29 years and the mean age of control group was 30.5±12.6 years. The groups were similar in terms of age and sex (p>0.05). About 45% of the patients were localized, 53.32% were widespread, and 1.6% were universal type vitiligo. Another autoimmune disease was accompanying in 55%. No significant difference was found between the W-VP and S-VP groups in terms of vitiligo types (p>0.05). The incidences of other autoimmune diseases among the families of patients with vitiligo did not differ between both the sexes (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the clinical types of vitiligo and incidence of autoimmune diseases (p>0.05). The 25(OH) Vitamin D levels of participants in the W-VP and S-VP groups were statistically lower than those of participants in the W-HP and S-HP groups (p<0.05). Comparison of the 25(OH) Vitamin D levels of the W-VH with S-VP groups and the W-HP with S-HP groups did not show any statistically significant difference (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between patients with autoimmune disease in the W-VH and S-VP groups in terms of clinical type of vitiligo and 25(OH) Vitamin D levels (p>0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Plasma 25 (OH) Vitamin D level is lower in vitiligo patients compared to the normal population. Vitamin D supplementation can be effective in the treatment and control of vitiligo.

Keywords: Autoimmunity, plasma 25(OH) vitamin D, vitiligo.

---

Vitiligo Hastalarýnda Plazma Vitamin D Düzeyi

Nebahat Demet Akpolat¹, Ahmet Metin^2
1Demet Akpolat Kliniði, Ýstanbul, Türkiye
²Dermatoloji Anabilim Dalý, Yýldýrým Beyazýt Üniversitesi Týp Fakültesi, Ankara, Türkiye

GÝRÝÞ ve AMAÇ: Bu çalýþmadaki amacýmýz 25 OH Vitamin D’nin, vitiligo tipi ve klinik özellikleriyle iliþkisi bulunup bulunmadýðýný ortaya koymak.
YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Çalýþmamýza 60 vitiligo hastasý ve 60 saðlýklý gönüllü dahil edildi. Hastalar 4 gruba ayrýldý; kýþ dönemi yeni vitiligo tanýsý alanlar (K-VH), kýþ dönemi saðlýklý katýlýmcýlar (K-SG), yaz dönemi yeni vitiligo tanýsý alanlar (Y-VH) ve Y-SG yaz dönemi saðlýklý gönüllüler (Y-SG). Katýlýmcýlarýn yaþ cinsiyet, kendisinde veya ailesinde otoimmün hastalýk varlýðý, vitiligonun klinik tipi (lokalize (fokal, segmental, mukozal), yaygýn (akrofasiyal, vulgaris, karýþýk tip) ve üniversal) ve 25 (OH) Vitamin D düzeyleri bakýldý.
BULGULAR: Çalýþmada 62 (%51,7) erkek, 58 (%48,3)kadýn katýlýmcý vardý. Vitiligo hastalarýnýn yaþ ortalamalarý 42.2±13.29, kontrol grubunun yaþ ortalamalarý ise 30.5±12.6’ydý.. Gruplarýn yaþ ve cinsiyet bakýmýndan benzer olduðu görüldü (p>0,05). Vitiligonun klinik tipleri ve otoimmun hastalýklarla arasýnda istatistiksel açýdan anlamlý bir fark tespit edimedi (p>0, 05). K-VH ve Y-VH hastalarýn 25 (OH) Vitamin D düzeyleri, K-SG ve Y-SG göre isttiksel olarak düþüktü (p < 0,05). K-VH ile Y-VH arasýnda ve K-SG ile Y-SG arasýnda 25 (OH) Vitamin D düzeyleri açýsýndan istatistiksel fark saptanmadý (p>0,05) K-VH ve Y-VH’deki otoimmun hastalýðý bulunan olgularýn 25 (OH) Vitamin D düzeylerinin ile klinik tipine göre 25 (OH) Vitamin D düzeylerinin arasýnda istatistiksel olarak anlamlý fark saptanmadý (p>0,05).
TARTIÞMA ve SONUÇ: Vitiligo hastalarýnda ve vitiligoya eþlik eden baþka otoimmun hastalýk varlýðýnda, normal populasyona göre plazma 25 (OH) vitamin D seviyesi daha düþük düzeyde bulunmaktadýr. Vitiligo aktivasyonunun kontrolü ve ikincil otoimmun hastalýklarýn önlenmesinde, vitamin D desteðini etkili olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Otoimmunite, plazma 25 (OH) vitamin D, vitiligo.

---

CITE